- Protobuf - [CBOR — Concise Binary Object Representation | Overview](https://cbor.io/) - binary format inspired by [[JSON]] - Concise Data Definition Language ([[CDDL]]) is a language to express [[CBOR]] and [[JSON]] types - [[Avro]] - With [[Avro Schema]] as a DDL - Seems to be the most popular in the kafka world - [How to Use Kafka, Schema Registry and Avro with Quarkus](https://quarkus.io/blog/kafka-avro) - [[Thrift]] ## Data Definition & Validation - CUE